{"id":472,"date":"2017-04-10T17:57:35","date_gmt":"2017-04-10T17:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/faunaautoctona.com\/web\/?page_id=472"},"modified":"2017-04-22T19:57:12","modified_gmt":"2017-04-22T19:57:12","slug":"mutaciones","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/faunaautoctona.com\/web\/mutaciones\/","title":{"rendered":"Mutaciones &#8211; Miguel de la Torre"},"content":{"rendered":"<html xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:default=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n<style>\n.docxpressoPlugin {\n\tfont-size: 83.35%;\n}\n\n.h5p_layout {\n    box-sizing: content-box !important;\n}\n\n.h5p_layout *{\n    float: none;\n    text-align: initial;\n\tbox-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\/*to make sure that floating elements are always inside the document bounds*\/\n.h5p_layout:after {\n    content: \" \";\n    display: block;\n    height: 0;\n    clear: both;\n    visibility: hidden;\n}\n\/* a default layout for documents without maste styles 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MJXc-TeX-math-I,MJXc-TeX-math-Ix,MJXc-TeX-math-Iw}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .MJXc-TeX-size1-R {font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R,MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .MJXc-TeX-size2-R {font-family: MJXc-TeX-size2-R,MJXc-TeX-size2-Rw}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .MJXc-TeX-size3-R {font-family: MJXc-TeX-size3-R,MJXc-TeX-size3-Rw}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .MJXc-TeX-size4-R {font-family: MJXc-TeX-size4-R,MJXc-TeX-size4-Rw}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-sub span.mjx-char {font-size: 70.7%}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-sup span.mjx-char {font-size: 70.7%}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-under span.mjx-char {font-size: 70.7%}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-over span.mjx-char {font-size: 70.7%}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-root span.mjx-char {font-size: 70.7%;}\n div#h5p_69f5269d5b8c1  section.h5p_page p span.doxMathFormula .mjx-root {font-size: auto !important ; width: 0.5em !important; vertical-align: 1.2em !important}\n<\/style><script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.mathjax.org\/mathjax\/2.6-latest\/MathJax.js?config=MML_CHTML\" type=\"text\/javascript\"> <\/script>\n<div id=\"h5p_69f5269d5b8c1\"><section xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"section_0\" class=\"h5p_layout h5p_page h5p_page_PL0\"><div class=\"PL0\"><p class=\"P1\"><span>GENERALIDADES<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>las aves representan sin duda el grupo animal al que sea dedicado un n\u00famero mayor de libros y tratados. Siempre han atra\u00eddo la atenci\u00f3n del hombre, especialmente por su capacidad de volar. El poeta Giacomo Leopardi escribi\u00f3 en su libro \u201celogio degli uccelli<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201cLas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aves son las criaturas m\u00e1s alegres del mundo. Y no lo digo en el sentido de que al ser observadas o escuchadas siempre producen alegr\u00eda; entiendo que son alegres en s\u00ed mismas, sienten el gozo y la alegr\u00eda m\u00e1s que cualquier otro animal. Por citar, dentro de un amplio repertorio, solo algunos ejemplos significativos de la importancia de las AVES en el folclore popular, en la literatura y en el arte en general, baste pensar en las pinturas, cer\u00e1micas y relieves de Egipto que representan a los buitres, Horus, el dios halc\u00f3n o Nekhbet, la diosa buitre, que cuidaba seg\u00fan las religiones <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>egipcias a los reci\u00e9n nacidos; los mitos griegos de Prometeo y Tizio, despedazados por las \u00e1guilas y buitres a causa de haber ofendido a la divinidad; los augures etruscos, que predec\u00edan el futuro interpretando el vuelo de las aves; las famosas ocas de campidoglio que salvaron a la antigua roma durante las incursiones de los galos; a las \u00e1guilas, <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>s\u00edmbolo de Roma y de su poder al ser utilizadas como insignias de las imbatibles legiones, s\u00edmbolo a la vez del imperio austroh\u00fangaro; el ave voz <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la mitolog\u00eda precolombina de los pueblos de Am\u00e9rica Central y de las islas del caribe; al mochuelo, s\u00edmbolo de Atenas y consagrado a la diosa Minerva; a la paloma s\u00edmbolo de la paz en el cristianismo; a garuda, <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el vol\u00e1til predilecto de Visn\u00fa; hasta llegar a las maravillosas laminas art\u00edsticas pintadas por los ornit\u00f3logos John Gould y John James Audubon en el siglo <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>XIX las maravillosas 400 l\u00e1minas que ilustran los cinco vol\u00famenes de las aves de Am\u00e9rica de Audubon, fueron definidas por Cuvier como el monumento m\u00e1s esplendido alzado por el arte en honor de las aves y de la naturaleza y entre otras muchas, las obras pict\u00f3ricas de Chagal y Braque. Todo ello no son m\u00e1s que unos poqu\u00edsimos ejemplos, escasos y fragmentarios, citados sin un orden preciso, como demostraci\u00f3n parcial del gran inter\u00e9s despertado en el hombre por parte del mundo de las aves, un mundo realmente fascinante<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Resumamos <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>brevemente las principales caracter\u00edsticas de las aves, que en la clasificaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica del reino animal constituyen una clase incluida dentro de tipo cordados: son vertebrados (animales provistos de vertebras ), amniotas ( provistos de amnios, un anejo embrional que constituye un involucro provisto de un l\u00edquido en cuyo interior se halla sumergido el embri\u00f3n), adaptados al vuelo ( sin embargo, a pesar de que todas las especies conocidas proceden de formas voladoras, algunas especies han perdido secundariamente la capacidad para el vuelo), con las extremidades anteriores transformadas en alas, para la locomoci\u00f3n por el suelo utilizan exclusivamente las extremidades inferiores, so animales homeotermos ( es decir, mantienen la temperatura corporal constate, a pesar de que determinadas especies tengan <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>descensos t\u00e9rmicos importantes e incluso una especie de letargo invernal) ( los colibr\u00edes). El coraz\u00f3n dividido en dos mitades, cada una de ellas, compuesta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a su<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vez de dos cavidades, manteniendo una separaci\u00f3n completa entre la sangre arterial y la sangre venosa; diplomen de lico, formado por una modificaci\u00f3n de las mand\u00edbulas, recubiertas por estuches c\u00f3rneos, denominados ranfotacas, el cuerpo est\u00e1 recubierto por unas formaciones cut\u00e1neas especiales las plumas, se reproducen a trav\u00e9s de huevos, que requieren ser incubados<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>En el siglo pasado Huxley defini\u00f3 a las aves con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>t\u00e9rmino de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201c reptiles modificados\u201d debido a que en el lento proceso evolutivo que ha llevado desde las primitivas formas simples que colonizaron la tierra a las variedades multiformes actuales de organismos, el origen de las aves<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>parte de un tronco com\u00fan con los reptiles. Existieron reptiles voladores (los famosos peterosaurios) y son abundantes las caracter\u00edsticas comunes entre reptiles y aves<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La documentaci\u00f3n paleontol\u00f3gica que ilustra el transito reptil-ave es extraordinariamente escasa<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>El ornit\u00f3logo Colin Harrison especializado en paleontolog\u00eda de las aves sit\u00faa hacia el periodo tri\u00e1sico, hace aproximadamente 180-225 millones de a\u00f1os el momento del surgimiento de las aves a partir de los reptiles. Esta procedencia se reconoce todav\u00eda hoy, como ya ha quedado dicho, en algunas caracter\u00edsticas netamente reptilianas que poseen las aves.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Las `patas y los dedos de las aves poseen escamas corneas de id\u00e9ntica naturaleza que la de los reptiles, la articulaci\u00f3n entre el cr\u00e1neo y la columna vertebral se produce a trav\u00e9s de un solo c\u00f3ndilo occipital (los mam\u00edferos posen en cambio un par de c\u00f3ndilos, los sacos a\u00e9reos, continuaci\u00f3n de las cavidades pulmonares est\u00e1n presentes tambi\u00e9n en algunos grupos de reptiles ( camale\u00f3nicos); puesta de huevos, modalidad <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de reproducci\u00f3n presente en muchos reptiles, el reci\u00e9n nacido una especie de peque\u00f1o <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201cdiente\u201d situado en la extremidad del hocico o del pico en las aves <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>para favorecer la rotura del huevo; la anatom\u00eda del ojo en ambos grupos y finalmente la semejanza existente en relaci\u00f3n a los gl\u00f3bulos rojos y la hemoglobina de la sangre<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P2\"><span>EL PLUMAJE<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Una de las caracter\u00edsticas m\u00e1s notables de las aves es la presencia del plumaje, estructura indispensable para el vuelo. La capacidad de vuelo depende de varios factores relacionados con la econom\u00eda del peso, la robustez, la fuerza y ligereza de la estructura. En los vertebrados el aparato cut\u00e1neo est\u00e1 constituido por la piel o cutis que recubre toda la superficie del cuerpo y que se divide en dos estratos: epidermis, la capa m\u00e1s superficial, y endodermis la m\u00e1s profunda.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La piel de las aves es muy delgada y carece de gl\u00e1ndulas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cut\u00e1neas, a excepci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la gl\u00e1ndula<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del uropigio, situada en las proximidades de la cola, encargada de segregar una sustancia grasienta utilizada por el animal para embadurnar las plumas y de este modo hacerlas impermeables. Esta grandula est\u00e1 especialmente desarrollada en las aves acu\u00e1ticas en otras est\u00e1 muy poco desarrollada o carecen de ella el avestruz, los papagayos muchos palomos etc.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Por lo tanto, las plumas constituyen en las aves la estructura d\u00e9rmica m\u00e1s importante: las plumas forman el plumaje, cuyo peso representa entre un 6 y un 12% dependiendo del ave<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>El plumaje es una estructura de gran importancia ya que,1) las plumas pueden retener una gran cantidad de aire, lo que supone una protecci\u00f3n contra la perdida de calor y ello permite <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mantener alta la temperatura corporal; 2)Frecuentemente el plumaje presenta llamativos colores que desempe\u00f1an un papel muy importante en la vida social, especialmente en los periodos de reproducci\u00f3n as\u00ed como vital en el camuflaje 3) <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>constituye <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>una superficie esencial para garantizar el vuelo, respondiendo a las exigencias de ligereza, blandura, y resistencia<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>todas las plumas proceden de un engrosamiento de la dermis, unido y alimentado por una papila d\u00e9rmica que lentamente se alarga, inclin\u00e1ndose posteriormente. <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Una vez la pluma ha<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alcanzado el tama\u00f1o definitivo y sea diversificado en sus componentes deja de irrigar de sangre, la papila<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>d\u00e9rmica<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>se cierra \u201cse retrae<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201cy<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la pluma es una estructura muerta<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>las aves pierden las plumas debido a causas naturales<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(fen\u00f3menos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>anuales de muda) o por causas accidentales, en ambos casos, las c\u00e9lulas que forman la papila<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>d\u00e9rmica<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>son estimuladas para la reproducci\u00f3n de una nueva pluma<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>en general la mayor\u00eda de las especies, tienen lugar dos mudas anuales, una anterior y otra posterior al periodo de reproducci\u00f3n la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>muda prenunciar<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y anterior<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>reproducci\u00f3n es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>parcial seg\u00fan<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>especie y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>no suelen cambiar las plumas remeras y timoneras fundamentales para el vuelo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La muda post<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>nupcial u oto\u00f1al puede ser total y pr\u00e1cticamente<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>simult\u00e1nea en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>algunas especies momento en el que son incapaces de emprender el vuelo. La muda es variable en funci\u00f3n de las distintas especies el periodo de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>esta estar\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en funci\u00f3n de la especie y de varios factores que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pueden alargarla<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>o acelerarla<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201ctemperatura, nivel de humedad<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>etc.<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u201c<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P3\"><span>LOS SENTIDOS<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>No me<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>extender\u00e9<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>demasiado en este apartado Parece que los sentidos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>desarrollados<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en las<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aves son la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vista y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>o\u00eddo, el olfato y el paladar parece<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mayor\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de las<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aves no<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es demasiado<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>desarrollado,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aunque algunos autores <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ornitolog\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>moderna esta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cuesti\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la ponen en duda , aves como el c\u00f3ndor y algunos buitres parece que este sentido lo tuviera mucho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>desarrollado de lo que en un principio se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cre\u00eda.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Las vistas en la mayor\u00eda de las aves presentan<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los ojos dispuestos en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>posici\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lateral, con un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Angulo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>formado por los ejes<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00f3pticos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que puede alcanzar los 120 grados en los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>paseriformes<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y 145 grados en las palomas. Las rapaces especialmente las nocturnas los tienen en una<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>posici\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>frontal de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aproximadamente<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>90 grados en fin hay variedad en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>funci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de las necesidades de las distintas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>especies. De<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la buena vista depende la vida del ave en su medio natural \u201cla vigilancia permanente de los depredadores, la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>b\u00fasqueda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>constante de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alimentos, de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>agua<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>etc.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>audici\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>relacionada con el sentido del equilibrio es en las aves el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>sentido m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>desarrollado<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>despu\u00e9s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la vista,<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>No mencionare<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00f3rganos que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>me parece que son<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de un veterinario:<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>termorregulaci\u00f3n,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00f3rganos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vocales, laringe, seringe sacos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a\u00e9reos,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aparato digestivo, esqueleto, aparato reproductor etc. La<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es un capitulo tan<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>extenso<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que no se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>acabar\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ni con cien<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>art\u00edculos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que sea el veterinario quien nos de las pautas de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>debemos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>seguir los que nos dedicamos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cr\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de p\u00e1jaros<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en cautividad pues los aficionados cada uno tenemos el mejor sistema de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>como dice el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>refr\u00e1n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cada maestrillo tiene su librillo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P4\"><span>LA COLORACION DEL PLUMA<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>coloraci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del plumaje viene determinada por una serie de factores. La presencia de pigmentos, del tipo de las melaninas y carotenos se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>debe<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>asimilaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>trav\u00e9s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alimentaci\u00f3n;<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>estos pigmentos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>b\u00e1sicamente<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>so dos, pigmentos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mel\u00e1nicos, tiene tonos que van desde el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>marr\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>oscuro hasta el rojo con toda la gama de colores intermedios; y los carotenos que son los responsables de la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>coloraci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del lipocromo amarillo y rojo con sus<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>correspondientes<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>matices y mezclas de naranjas, marfiles<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>etc.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>En la ornitocultura,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>onitofilia,o canaricultura como<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>quer\u00e1is<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>llamarla lo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>trabajado y por tanto conocido son los trabajos realizados con los canarios y por tanto los conocimientos que se tienen son amplios<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que al resto de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>p\u00e1jaros<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>trabajando: se les aplica<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>o menos las mismas denominaciones , pero porque se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>viendo que el comportamiento de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>transmisi\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>hereditaria<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es igual o muy parecida por tanto es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>v\u00e1lida<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>esta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aplicaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de conocimientos aplicarla en tanto no se vea que haya diferencias<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La estructura particular de las barbas, unida<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>presencia de un pigmento que absorbe las radiaciones de mayor<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>longitud, determinan los tonos azules y blancos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(no<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en el<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>caso de los albinos)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Entre los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>distintos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>casos de aberraciones<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>crom\u00e1ticas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>podemos citar1) albinismo, debido<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>incapacidad<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>s\u00edntesis<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de pigmentos, que puede ser total en el caso de individuos completamente blancos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el iris de color rojo, o bien parcial que son los casos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>frecuentes 2) isabelismo, con coloraciones apagadas tendentes al rojizo o<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>caf\u00e9<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>con leche\u00b73) fabismo,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>con tonos amarillos apagados a veces<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>acompa\u00f1ados<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de albinismo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>otros pigmentos como la turacina y otros no tienen lugar en los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>p\u00e1jaros<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aqu\u00ed<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tratamos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tanto no hace falta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>explicar<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>nada<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pigmentaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en el plumaje es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>important\u00edsimo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en las aves para su camuflaje en el medio natural<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>as\u00ed<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>como en los periodos de celo, millones de a\u00f1os de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>evoluci\u00f3n<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lean permitido alcanzar un <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dise\u00f1o perfecto para pasar desapercibidos entre las ramas de los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1rboles<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y en las praderas si<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mir\u00e1semos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>verder\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>chamar\u00edn<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>desde<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>arriba<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1rbol<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ver\u00edamos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el perfecto mimetismo del ave entre las hojas del<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1rbol<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y si lo miramos desde abajo igual, la tonalidad<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>marr\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>negro<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>verdosos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del dorso intente ser semejante alas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>hojas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1rboles, desde abajo los tonos mucho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>claros de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>marr\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>gris y blancos le hacen ser poco visto por su parecido al dorso de las<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>hojas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y el claro del cielo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>En el periodo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>nupcial<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>important\u00edsimo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>coloraci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del plumaje sobretodo en el macho en la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mayor\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de las especies, hay<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>hembras<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>eligen<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>al macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>exclusivamente<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>por su<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>coloraci\u00f3n, en periodo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>nupcial<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>casi todas las aves tanto machos como hembras cambian los tonos de color de sus plumas unos mucho otros menos pero casi<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>todos tienen<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>variaciones de color<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>La melanina es un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pigmento que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>se halla en la mayor parte de los seres<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vivos: en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los animales los pigmentos de melanina so derivados del<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>amino\u00e1cido<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tiroxina, la melanina<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>biol\u00f3gica<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es la eumelanina. Otra forma<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>com\u00fan<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de melanina es la feomelanina un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pol\u00edmero<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo pardo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Lipocromo pigmento que proporciona el color de fondo al plumaje de casi todos los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>p\u00e1jaros<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la sustancia que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>proporciona<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>este color en el plumaje es la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lute\u00edna<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>en los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>verdecillos, canarios, verderones,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>jilgueros<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>etc.<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es de color amarillo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Observamos <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>por ejemplo un verdecillo veremos que desde la cabeza a la cola y los flancos est\u00e1n llenos de <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>una ralladura negra parecida a unos bastoncillos, esto es la eumelanina negra y alrededor de esta aparece como si fuera una \u201c sombra\u201d <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>faeomelanina bruna: ( algunos autores no est\u00e1n muy de acuerdo con esto, dicen que dicha melanina negra no es tal sino que es melanina marr\u00f3n oxidada hasta el punto de volverse negra y que adem\u00e1s hay una tercera melanina, que es la faeomelanina negra) .En un bruno el sus plumaje es <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>gris oscuro lo que quiere decir que hay alguna melanina negra aun.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Los canarios nos est\u00e1n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dando respuestas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a muchas dudas y controversias respecto dela composici\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>melanina<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de muchos p\u00e1jaros.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Sigamos con la descripci\u00f3n: tenemos la eumelanina y la faeomelanina pero de fondo hay un color amarillo-verdoso, esto es el otro pigmento llamado lipocromo que es de color amarillo, el conjunto o la mezcla de estos tres colores (negro, marr\u00f3n y amarillo) le da al p\u00e1jaro ese color verdoso (verdecillo)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Llamamos negro-bruno o color ancestral al color que tienen los p\u00e1jaros en su medio natural o sea salvajes salvo (alguna excepci\u00f3n) por que tienen las dos melaninas, la negra y la bruna (marr\u00f3n)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Llamamos dise\u00f1o al conjunto de ralladuras o bastoncillos halos cuales me refer\u00eda antes que son conformados por laseumelaninas y faeomelaninas, cada especie tendr\u00e1 el suyo propio de la especie<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cuando miramos un p\u00e1jaro el conjunto de lo que vemos lo llamamos fenotipo. Este fenotipo es el resultado de tres factores determinantes (de la herencia gen\u00e9tica que reciba de los dos padres m\u00e1s la influencia del medio en el que se desarrolla el p\u00e1jaro m\u00e1s la alimentaci\u00f3n o nutrici\u00f3n que haya tenido durante su desarrollo)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Genotipo, es el conjunto de genes que haya heredado de sus progenitores (padre- madre), de esta herencia gen\u00e9tica pueden aparecer algunos factores en el fenotipo otros permanecer\u00e1n ocultos, depender\u00e1 de su car\u00e1cter (dominante, codominante, recesivo, o ligado al<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>sexo)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que aparezcan en primera o segunda generaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Escala de dominancia<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Negro-bruno (color ancestral)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>bruno y \u00e1gata <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1n a la misma altura porque son codominantes<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Isabela<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>En esta escala de dominnancia se ve claramente que el negro-bruno domina al bruno y al \u00e1gata y estos a su vez al Isabela. Como sab\u00e9is el Isabela no es fruto de mutaci\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>espontanea,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>sino que es el resultado de la uni\u00f3n de bruno y \u00e1gata (pasa por todo) hecho por el hombre en cautividad<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cuando apareamos una pareja de p\u00e1jaros conviene saber que es cada uno de ellos para as\u00ed tener medianamente claros que ser\u00e1n sus hijos. En las aves se sabe que el macho tiene dos cromosomas sexuales la hembra solo uno.<\/span><\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P5\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Para un macho<\/span><span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mi>\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T6\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>los dos cromosomas tienen contenido gen\u00e9tico mel\u00e1nico que trasmitir\u00e1n a la descendencia<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P7\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>Para una hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mi>\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T8\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"T9\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>este segundo par<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span class=\"T10\">(ZY)<\/span><span class=\"T11\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>esta vaci\u00f3 a efectos de transmisi\u00f3n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mel\u00e1nica.<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P12\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\"><span>a su descendencia tambi\u00e9n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es el que determinara el sexo de los nuevos descendientes, veamos un par de ejemplos. El <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>macho pongamos que es negro-bruno en los dos cromosomas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T13\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T14\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(homocig\u00f3tico) y la hembra es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T15\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T16\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>esta vaci\u00f3, cuando el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T17\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho se <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aparee con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T18\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos un macho negro-bruno portador de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>si el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T19\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de macho se junta con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T20\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos igual un macho negro-bruno portador de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pero que pasa cuando el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T21\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho se aparee con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T22\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra, que <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>una negro-bruna y si se aparea el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T23\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de macho con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T24\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tambi\u00e9n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>otra hembra negro-bruna.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Quiero<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>recordaros que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>siempre teng\u00e1is en cuenta la escala de dominancias de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ah\u00ed<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que cuando se junta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T25\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T26\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra el dominante es el negro-bruno del macho<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P27\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P28\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>Macho<\/span><span class=\"T29\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los dos cromosomas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>iguales,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pero ahora ser\u00e1n<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>para el macho.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"P30\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P31\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P32\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>Hembra<\/span><span class=\"T33\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T34\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>la hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00e1 negro-bruna.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"P35\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\"><span>que sucede<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ahora, que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>cuando<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T36\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de macho y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T37\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra dar\u00e1n igual macho negro-bruno portador de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T38\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T39\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y del<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>macho negro-bruno portador de<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cuando<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T40\">Z1<\/span><span>) o (<\/span><span class=\"T41\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho se aparean con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T42\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra ser\u00e1n hembras<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela. Vemos aqu\u00ed tambi\u00e9n que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el color<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dominante es el negro-bruno de la hembra.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Antes<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mencionamos homocig\u00f3tico (homocigote) igual<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que los dos cromosomas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T43\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T44\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tienen el mismo contenido gen\u00e9tico respecto de las melaninas que es aloque nos estamos refiriendo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Heterocigote que cada uno de los cromosomas tiene contenido diferente del otro,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ejemplo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P45\"><span>Macho<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">I<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T46\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>heterocigoto <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Macho <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T47\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>homocigoto <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>El <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>comportamiento de un factor codominante<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00edan<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dos colores que se<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mezclan por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>igual,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ejemplo un canario amarillo lo apareamos con uno <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo, el color que nos dar\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el intermedio \u201cnaranja\u201d que ninguno domina al otro ejemplo si apareo un macho \u00e1gata por hembra bruno, cuando se junte <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el negro del \u00e1gata <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>con el bruno me dar\u00e1 negro-brunos<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P48\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P49\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">r<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">u<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">n<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T50\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>= a machos negro brunos portadores de todo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"P51\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Quiere ello decir que ni el bruno domina al<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1gata,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ni el \u00e1gata domina al bruno<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(factor<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>codominante).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Factor recesivo, car\u00e1cter que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>imposibilitado de manifestarse ya que en el alelo no<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>presente otro<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>igual para<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que se manifieste un car\u00e1cter recesivo es necesario que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e9<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>presente en las dos copias de mismo cromosoma una heredada de padre y otra de la madre pon gamos un ejemplo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Macho \u00e1gata portador de opal por hembra \u00e1gata portadora de opal<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P52\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P53\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>Macho <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">r<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">p<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T54\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Hembra <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">g<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">r<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">p<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">v<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">c<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T55\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P56\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>cuando<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>se junten<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T57\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>con el (<\/span><span class=\"T58\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos un macho opal<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00e1gata,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>si se junta<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T59\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T60\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos un macho \u00e1gata portado de opal,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T61\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T62\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos una hembra \u00e1gata portadora de opal y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T63\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T64\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra una hembra \u00e1gata. Vemos pues<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>que no<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>sale un opal hasta que no se penen en los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dos cromosomas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alelos el factor opal.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Factor ligado al sexo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es el que conlleva<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>caracteres que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vienen determinados por genes situados en el mismo cromosoma en el que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ubicado el gen determinante del sexo. En canaricultura todo macho que posee el (factor ligado al sexo) produce en primera generaci\u00f3n hijas hembras, que tienen sus mismas caracter\u00edsticas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>fenot\u00edpicas, recordemos que el fenotipo es aquello que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>vemos cuando<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>miramos cualquier p\u00e1jaro.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Pongamos un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ejemplo: macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>portador de pastel por hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela.<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P65\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P66\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>Macho <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">t<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T67\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Hembra <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">v<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">c<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T68\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P69\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cuando se junte el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T70\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T71\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>hembra tendremos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>un macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>portador de pastel, si es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T72\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T73\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos un macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela, si es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T74\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T75\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>una hembra<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>y si es el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T76\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T77\">ZY<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de la hembra tendremos una hembra (pastel<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela)<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Como vemos en primera generaci\u00f3n hemos<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tenido descendencia<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>de ese cromosoma<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mutado,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>aunque solo estaba en uno de los cromosomas del macho la hembra seria esta.<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P78\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P79\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span class=\"T80\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span><span>Hembra <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">s<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">e<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">l<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">v<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">a<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">c<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">o<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T81\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P82\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Factor dominante es aquel que se expresa en primera generaci\u00f3n tanto si<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1 en<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los dos cromosomas<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>alelos (homocigoto) como si es (heterocigoto) en un cromosoma solo.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>A veces el cromosoma dominante en homocigosis es letal por lo que conviene no hacer demasiado uso de esta dominancia, un ejemplo: macho amarillo intenso por hembra amarillo nevada<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P83\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;<\/p><p xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"P84\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Macho <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T85\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Hembra <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span><span xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" class=\"doxMathFormula\"><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/schemas.openxmlformats.org\/officeDocument\/2006\/math\"><mml:mfrac><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Z<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">Y<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u00a0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">i<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfrac><\/mml:math><\/span><\/span><span class=\"T86\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P87\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>cuando<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T88\">Z1<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>macho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>se junte con cualquiera de los<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>dos de la hembra tendremos un p\u00e1jaro intenso, cuando se junte el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(<\/span><span class=\"T89\">Z2<\/span><span>)<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>del macho con cualquiera de la hembra tendremos un p\u00e1jaro nevado.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Dimorfismo sexual: es aquella diferencia que hay entre machos y hembras, tomemos de nuevo como modelo un verdecillo. Al principio de este art, dec\u00edamos que el color en las aves era muy importante para su<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>camuflaje,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>as\u00ed como para el cortejo nupcial, los machos tienen el color<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>intenso que las hembras seguro que les sirve para enamorarlas as\u00ed como<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>para decirles<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>a<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los posibles rivales, cuidado que aqu\u00ed estoy yo esta hembra es<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00eda, las hembras por el contrario tienen que estar muchas horas en el nido y tal vez por ello son mucho<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pardas que los macho, colores menos vivos<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>A esto lo llamamos dimorfismo sexual diferencia<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>fenot\u00edpica<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>entre el macho y la hembra<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Tambi\u00e9n mencionamos al<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>principio que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los p\u00e1jaros tienen un pigmento que le llamamos lipocromo, era aquel color amarillo que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ten\u00eda<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>el verdecillo<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>A este lipocromo ( amarillo ) ausencia de <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo ( blanco ) o el introducido del cardenalito de Venezuela ( rojo) lo llamaremos eso lipocromo y despu\u00e9s como<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>est\u00e1<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>distribuido en el manto del p\u00e1jaro ( fenotipo) debe estar de tres formas distintas, ( intenso ) podemos decir que toda la pluma esta <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pigmentada, ( nevado ) que toda la pluma esta pigmentada excepto la punta de ella d\u00e1ndole un aspecto como de nervadura y ( mosaico ) es en el que el lipocromo se localiza en zonas determinadas del plumaje ( encuentro de las alas , careta , pecho )<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>etc.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cuando miramos un p\u00e1jaro decimos este p\u00e1jaro es negro-bruno amarillo intenso (verde intenso) o decimos \u00e1gata rojo mosaico o pastel<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo nevado depende de lo que sea el p\u00e1jaro, el fenotipo que tenga, pues<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>bien,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>esto tiene una forma de decirlo. Primero tenemos el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(tipo), despu\u00e9s el<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo, amarillo,<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo, y<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>por<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00faltimo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>la categor\u00eda del lipocromo, un ejemplo.<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P90\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipo <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>categor\u00eda <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>categor\u00eda<\/span><\/p><p class=\"P91\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>\u00c1gata <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>amarillo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mosaico <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>o <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>intenso<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>En la actualidad al negro-bruno lo llaman<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>(negro) a<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mi juicio err\u00f3neo porque no solo tiene negro tambi\u00e9n bruno o marr\u00f3n<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Las mutaciones nos trajeron el planteamiento de cambiar la<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipolog\u00eda anterior<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>pues como un pastel por ejemplo o un satine lo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>describir\u00edamos, los entendidos en la materia decidieron que estas mutaciones pasaran a<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>ser subtipos puesto que modifican el tipo de forma que la definici\u00f3n <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>seria la siguiente<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>veamos alg\u00fan ejemplo.<\/span><\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P92\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>subtipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>categor\u00eda <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P93\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Satin\u00e9 <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Isabela <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>amarillo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mosaico<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P94\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>subtipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>categor\u00eda <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P95\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Ino <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Bruno <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>rojo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>intenso<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>No<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>olvidemos que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>un<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>( amelanico ) <\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>es un melanico que ha perdido la facultad de pigmentar sus melaninas y por tanto debemos hacerlo en la descripci\u00f3n igual que a<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>los anteriores<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><div style=\"border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;border: 1px solid #000000 !important;;margin-bottom:0;\"><p class=\"P96\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\"><span>subtipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>tipo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>lipocromo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>categor\u00eda <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"P97\" style=\"border: none !important;margin-left: 0 !important;margin-right: 0 !important;\">&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Ino (am) <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Bruno <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>amarillo <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>mosaico<\/span><\/p><\/div><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>lo que<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>m\u00e1s com\u00fanmente se conoce como un lipocromo ino amarillo mosaico.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Para finalizar espero que a muchos os sirva para aclarar conceptos que con el tiempo puedan a verse olvidado, para otros que simplemente iniciarse en los conocimientos de la canaricultura.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Autor:<\/span>&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<span>Miguel de la Torre vives. <\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Cedido a: FaunaAutoctona<\/span>&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&#x200b;&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\">&nbsp;<\/p><p class=\"Normal\"><span>Copyright 2017<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/section><script>(function( $ ) {\n    \/\/footnotes\n    $('.defaultNote').children(\":first\").css('cursor', 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